Lesson Two
Four Choices for Young People
1. Jim Binns……wrote me about some of his misgivings.
misgiving: worry, concern(常用復(fù)數(shù))(對(duì)未來(lái)之事)疑慮不安,懷疑。如:
I like your scheme in principle; my only misgiving is that it may require too large a sum of money.
我原則上喜歡你的計(jì)劃,唯一擔(dān)心的是花銷(xiāo)可能太大。
2……our generation views the adult world with great skepticism……
skepticism: doubt suspicion懷疑(態(tài)度);懷疑主義
be skeptical about:對(duì)……持懷疑太度;不相信。如:
He is skeptical about everything .他對(duì)一切事物都抱懷疑態(tài)度。
with a skeptical expression帶著懷疑的表情。
3. Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries.
contemporary adj.同時(shí)代的,當(dāng)代;n.同時(shí)代的人。如:
our contemporaries和我們同時(shí)代的人 同義詞:peer 同等的人,同輩。如:without a peer 無(wú)匹敵的
4. The people responsible are, presumably, the adults who……
a.responsible:1)(放在名詞后面)應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任的。如:I hold you responsible for the safety
of her family.我就把她家的安全交給你了。2)(放在名詞前面)(工作,地為等)責(zé)任重的,有責(zé)任的。
如:a responsible position 要職。3)(人)可靠的,可信賴(lài)的,如:a responsible person有責(zé)任心的人。
b. presumably: perhaps大概,推測(cè)起來(lái),可能。
5. These conclusions strike me as reasonable ……strike ******. +adj.(or n.): 使……感覺(jué)(是)。如:
At first the idea struck me as stupid.起初,這個(gè)主意讓我覺(jué)得很愚蠢。
He strikes me as an honest man .他讓我覺(jué)得是個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。
6. The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imperfect (we can take that for granted),but……
a. relevant:有關(guān)的。 如:relevant information 有關(guān)信息。若作表語(yǔ),后面通常跟由介詞to 引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)。
如;The judge ruled that the evidence was not relevant to the case.
法官認(rèn)定證據(jù)與本案無(wú)關(guān)。
b. imperfect : 不完美,由perfect (完美)加否定前綴im-構(gòu)成。
另如ermissible-impermissible, possible-impossible, proper-improper, pure impure,
Mobile-immobile, mortal-immortals.
c. take for granted : 視……為當(dāng)然。
如: You should not take his help for granted .你不應(yīng)該認(rèn)為他的幫忙是當(dāng)然的事。
7. for all is harshness and irrationality; it is the only world we've got.
a. for all …… 盡管。
如:For all his learning, he is not wise. 他盡管滿(mǎn)腹經(jīng)綸,處世并不聰明。
For all his efforts, he didn't succeed. 他還是個(gè)正派的人。
b. harsh : 殘酷的;無(wú)情的;刻薄的。
如:She was very harsh with her servant. 她對(duì)用人非常刻薄。
We have to face harsh realities. 我們得面對(duì)殘酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)。
c. rational : 有理性的,通情達(dá)理的。
如:Man is a rational thing. 人是有理性的動(dòng)物。
Do you consider it a rational explanation 你覺(jué)得這種解釋合理嗎
irrational : 不理智, ir-為否定前綴。
另如:Irreducible, irregular, irreparable, irreversible.
8. Choosing a strategy to cope with it, then, is……
a. strategy : 戰(zhàn)略,與之相對(duì)的是tactics(戰(zhàn)術(shù))
b. cope with : to struggle or contend , esp. . with some degree of success 應(yīng)付,處理。
如:They proposed several possibilities for coping with the crisis.
他們提出了對(duì)付危機(jī)的幾種可能方案。
He is unable to cope with the duties of her new position.
他不能應(yīng)付新崗位的職責(zé)。
9. So far as I have been able to discover, there are four basic alternatives.
a. so far as : =as far as , to the extent that 就……而言,從……來(lái)看。
如:His conduct, so far as I can see, is unjustifiable.
就我看來(lái),他憑一已之力將不可能完成這樣巨大的項(xiàng)目。
b. alternative : one of more than two possibilities 數(shù)種可能之一,可代替的。
如:There is alternative answer to this question.
這個(gè)問(wèn)題有幾種可能的答案。
An alternative plan is to apply for a loan.
另一種可能的方案就是申請(qǐng)貸款。
10. Drop Out
drop out : to withdraw from 退出。
如:He has decided to drop out of politics.
他已經(jīng)決定退出政壇。
Seven students dropped out of university last year.
去年有七個(gè)學(xué)生被退了學(xué)。
11. This is one of the oldest expedient ……=expedient: a temporary means to an end 權(quán)宜之計(jì)
如:resort to an expedient 采取權(quán)宜之計(jì)
12. In one way or another, its practitioners batten on the society which……
a. (in) one way or another: 以這樣或那樣的方式;在某方面。
如:The project must be completed by the end of this month (in) one way or another.
不管用什么方式,這個(gè)項(xiàng)目必須在這個(gè)月底結(jié)束。
b. batten on:thrive,or prosper,or live in luxury (on)(esp. at the expense of others)
(靠他人犧牲而) 興旺,過(guò)奢侈的生活,(損人)肥飽私囊
13. some of us find this distasteful -an undignified kind of life.
distasteful : disagreeable ; unpleasant 討厭的,令人不愉快的。
如:Jazz is distasteful to me. 我討厭爵士樂(lè)。(爵士樂(lè)不合我的口味)
14. But for the poor in spirit,with low levels of both energy and pride,it may be the least intolerable choice available.
Availed: ready for use; readily obtainable
a. (立即)可利用的;可得到的。
如:employ all means available 采用一切可能的方法。
The dress is available in all sizes. 這種款式的服裝大小尺寸都有。
b. (人)有空的。
如:I'll be available tomorrow morning. 我明天早上有空。
15. This strategy has ancient antecedents.
Antecedent: preceding thing or circumstance, esp. (pl.) past history of a person 前事,前情;
(復(fù)數(shù))身世,經(jīng)歷,人的過(guò)去歷史。
如; a woman of shady antecedent 一個(gè)來(lái)歷可疑的女人
16. …… that is, the city, with all its ugliness and tension.
tension : mental strain 緊張。
如:under extreme tension 處于極度緊張/(復(fù)數(shù)-s)緊張(狀態(tài))。
如:the tension between labor and management 勞資間關(guān)系的緊張
17. The trouble with the solution is that it no longer is on a large scale.
on a large scale : 大規(guī)模。
另如n a tremendous scale 極大的規(guī)模。
The project was undertaken on a grand scale. 這個(gè)項(xiàng)目規(guī)模很大。
The reform is carried out on an enormous scale. 改革的幅度極大。
18. Out planet, unfortunately, is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes.
run out of : become short of , become exhausted 用完。
如; We ran out of petrol the other day. 那一天我們汽油用光了。
We are running out of time. 我們已經(jīng)沒(méi)有時(shí)間了。
19. Plot a Revolution
plot : plan secretly 密謀。
如:They plotted how to kill him. 他們密謀如何殺死他。
The criminals were plotting to rob the bank. 犯罪密謀搶銀行。
20. …… those who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democratic process and who believe that the institution can only be changed by force.
a. tedious : long and tiresome 冗長(zhǎng)乏味的。
如:a tedious lecture 冗長(zhǎng)的演講;tedious work 乏味的工作
b. working(s) : action , operation 工作,運(yùn)作。
如:the workings of the mind , the workings of the nature 自然的運(yùn)作
21. To them it offers a romantic appeal, usually symbolized by some dashing and charismatic figure.
a. a romantic appeal : appeal n. : the power to attract the mind or emotions 吸引力。
如:Such life has no appeal for me. 這種生活對(duì)我沒(méi)有吸引力。
That sort of music has lost its appeal for me. 這種音樂(lè)已經(jīng)失去了對(duì)我的吸引力。
v. appeal to : 吸引。
如oes the menu appeal to me 菜單吸引我了嗎
The novel appeals to women. 這本小說(shuō)吸引女性讀者。
b. dashing : vigorously lovely ; brilliant or showy 精力充沛的;華麗的
c. charismatic 名詞形式為charisma (使大眾信服的)領(lǐng)袖魅力
22. Lets smash it and build something better on the ruins.
on the ruins : the remains of destroyed or decaying or town 廢墟,遺跡,殘骸。
如:the ruins of a castle 一座城堡的廢墟
23. These are the ones whose revolution did not come off……
come off : happen , occur 發(fā)生。
如:The invasion came off last week. 入侵是上星期發(fā)生的。
To be effective or successful 生效,成功。
如:She didn't come off well in the interview. 她的面試不很成功。
24. I am not, of course, suggesting that revolutions accomplish nothing.
accomplish : bring to a successful conclusion ; achievement 完成。
如:accomplish something / a great deal / miracles 實(shí)現(xiàn)某種目標(biāo)/取得很大成就/實(shí)現(xiàn)奇跡
accomplish : skilled , expert 熟練的,內(nèi)行的。
如:an accomplish golf player 技術(shù)精湛的 高爾夫運(yùn)動(dòng)員
accomplishment (s) 修養(yǎng),才藝。
如: a woman of many accomplishment 多才多藝的女人
25. For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ,cleansed of all human meanness .
cleanse : make clean 清洗。
如:She cleansed the wound with alcohol .她用酒精清洗傷口。
cleanse sin from the soul = cleanse the soul of sin 清洗靈魂的罪惡
26. At first glance, this course is far from inviting.
inviting : temptingly attractive 誘人的。
如:an inviting smile 迷人的微笑/an inviting dish 誘人的菜肴
27. It depends on the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion……
exasperate : annoy extremely 令人怒不可遏
如:Constant interruptions exasperate me. 不斷的中斷讓我怒火中燒。
28. It demands patience, always in short supply.
(be) in short supply : 供應(yīng)不足,短缺。
如:Food is in short supply .食物供應(yīng)不足。
Honesty is in short supply. 缺乏誠(chéng)實(shí)(的人)。
29. …… as soon as you capture one mountain range, another one looms just ahead.
loom : come into view in indistinct and enlarged form 忽隱忽現(xiàn)。
如:The iceberg loomed out of the mist .冰山在迷霧中忽隱忽現(xiàn)。
Dangers are looming ahead. 危險(xiǎn)陰森森地逼近。
30. …… of coping with war in unfamiliar guises.
guise : a false or assumed appearance or disguise 外貌,偽裝。
如:an old idea in a new guise 老觀念新面貌(新瓶裝舊酒)
in the guise of 打扮成……的樣子。
如:the king in the guise of a beggar 裝扮成乞丐的國(guó)王
under the guise of 以……為借口。
如:under the guise of friendship 以友誼為幌子
31. It dawned on us rather suddenly that……
dawn on : begin to be known, or realized 常用先行詞it , 表示“明白過(guò)來(lái)”。
如:It has slowly dawned upon me that he will not lend a helping hand to us when we are in trouble. 我慢慢明白,當(dāng)我們碰到麻煩的時(shí)候,他是不會(huì)伸出援手的。
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