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9. On the average the water is a little more than two miles deep， but in places it is much deeper.

on the average在句子中的意思是“平均而言”。

a little 在句子中修飾more，表示程度，意思是“一點兒，稍許”。much在句子中修飾

deeper，也表示程度，加強形容詞比較級，意思是“…多”。

10. This “deep” measures 30，246 feet――almost 6 miles (9.6km)。

本句中的deep做名詞用，意思是“深處”，“海淵”(水深超過3000英里)。

measure 在句子中做動詞用，意思是“測量”，“有…深”。

11. One of the longest mountain ranges of the world rises from the floor of the Atlantic.

本句中的 longest與課文前幾段中出現的narrowest，saltiest，deepest一樣，都是形容詞的最高級形式。因為這幾個詞是單音節詞或是以元音結尾的雙音節詞，所以，最高級的構成是在詞尾加-est.對于大部分兩個音節以上的形容詞，最高級的構成是在形容詞前面加most.

rise 是一個不及物動詞，在句子中的意思是“升起;隆起”。

1) rise 不及物動詞 (起立;上升，高聳;浮現)

The old lady rose to her feet when she heard the doorbell.

The tower rises to a height of 70 feet.

An idea rises in my mind.

2) raise 及物動詞 (舉起;養育;提高;召集)

If you have any questions， please raise your hands.

When Father was in the army， Mother had a hard time raising three children.

The management promised to raise the workers' salary after the negotiation.

He failed to raise the money for his father's heart operation.

3) arise 不及物動詞 (升起;出現;由…引起)

Heavy smoke arose beyond the mountain.

New problems arise when old ones are solved.

4) arouse 及物動詞 (喚醒;激起，引起)

The noise outside aroused him from sleep.

floor在句子中的意思是“海底”。在其他語言環境中，floor當然有其他的意思。如;

1) He lives on the seventh floor.(他住在7樓。)

2) The wood floor gives a feeling of warmth in the winter.　(冬天時，木地板給我溫暖的感覺。)

3) He was given the floor at the meeting.(他在會上得到了發言權。)

12. Several hundred miles eastward from Florida there is a part of the ocean called the Sargasso Sea.

called the Sargasso Sea 是修飾ocean的定語從句，在其前省去了which is.

13. In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed here. Sometimes they were.

crew是一個集合名詞，指“全體船員”，后面的謂語動詞可以用單數也可以用復數，此句中謂語動詞用的是復數were，因為從句子中可以推斷出是許多vessels(船)上的船員。Sometimes they were.句子中省略becalmed.

14. The Atlantic furnishes much food for the people on its shores.

furnish sth For sb. 意思是“為…提供”，我們同樣可以用furnish sb. with sth.來表達這個意思。