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　　61.Foreshadowing（預兆）

　　Foreshadowing， the use of hints or clues in a novel or drama to suggest what will happen next. Writers use Foreshadowing to create interest and to build suspense.

　　method used to build suspense by providing hints of what is to come.

　　62. Soliloquy（獨白）

　　Soliloquy， in drama， means a moment when a character is alone and speaks his or her thoughts aloud……2>the line “to be， or not to be， that is the question”， which begins the famous soliloquy from Shakespeare‘s Hamlet.

　　63.Narrative Poem（敘述詩）

　　Narrative Poem refers to a poem that tells a story in verse，2>three traditional types of narrative poems include ballads， epics， metrical romances.

　　3>it may consist of a series of incidents， as John Milton‘s paradise lost.

　　64.Robin Hood（羅賓豪）

　　Robin hood is a legendary hero of a series of English ballads， some of which date from at least the 14th century.

　　2>the character of Robin Hood is many-sided. Strong， brave and intelligent， he is at the same time tender-hearted and affectionate.

　　3> the dominant key in his character is his hatred for the cruel oppression and his love for the poor and downtrodden.4>another feature of Robin‘s view is his reverence for the king， Robin Hood was a people’s hero.

　　65. Beowulf（貝奧武甫）

　　Beowulf， a typical example of old English poetry， is regarded as the greatest national epic of t he Anglo-Saxons. 2> the epic describes the exploits of a Scandinavian hero， Beowulf， in fighting against the monster Grendel， his revengeful nother， and a fire-breathing dragon in his declining years. While fight against the dragon， Beowulf was mortally wounded， however， he killed the dragon at the cost of his life， Beowulf is shown not only as a glorious hero but also as a protector of the people.

　　66. Baroque（巴羅克式風格）

　　This is originally a term of abuse applied to 17th century Italian art and that of other countries. It is characterized by the unclassical use of classical forms， in a literary context； it is loosely used to describe highly ornamented verse or prose， abounding in extravagant conceits.

　　這原本是用來指17世紀的意大利藝術(shù)和其他國家藝術(shù)濫用的一個術(shù)語。這種風格主要是指對古典形式的非古典運用。在文學領(lǐng)域，這種風格松散地用來指十分雕飾的，大量運用奇思妙想的詩歌或散文。

　　67. Cavalier poets（騎士派詩人）

　　A name given to supporters of Charles I in the civil war. These poets were not a formal group， but all influenced by Ben Jonson and like him paid little attention to the sonnet. Their lyrics are distinguished by short lines， precise but idiomatic diction， and an urbane and graceful wit.

　　68. Elegy（挽歌）

　　Elegy has typically been used to refer to reflective poems that lament the loss of something or someone， and characterized by their metrical form.

　　69. Restoration Comedy（復辟時期喜劇）

　　Restoration Comedy， also the comedy of manners， developed upon the reopening of the theatres after the re-establishment of monarchy with the return of Charles II…… Its predominant tone was witty， bawdy， cynical， and amoral. Standard characters include fops， bawds， scheming valets， country squires， and sexually voracious young widows and older women. The principle theme is sexual intrigue， either for its own sake or for money.

　　復辟時期的喜劇，又稱社會習俗諷刺喜劇，是在查理二世君主復辟后劇院重新開業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來的，其主要的基調(diào)是詼諧，淫穢，挖苦和非道德。標準的角色包括花花公子，鴇母，詭計多端的仆人，鄉(xiāng)紳，性欲旺盛的年輕寡婦和老女人。主要的主題是奸情，有的是為了性，有的是為了錢。

　　70. Action（情節(jié)）

　　A real or fictional event or series of such events comprising the subject of a novel， story， narrative poem， or a play， especially in the sense of what the characters do in such a narrative.

　　71. Adventure novel（探險小說）

　　The adventure novel is a literary genry that has adventure， an exciting undertaking involving risk and physical danger， as its main theme， in which exciting events and fast paced actions are more important than character development， theme， or symbolism.

　　72. Archaism（古語）

　　A word， expression， spelling， or phrase that is out of date in the common speech of an era， but still deliberately used by writer， poet， or playwright for artistic purposes.

　　73. Atmosphere（基調(diào)）

　　The prevailing mood or feeling of a literary work. Atmosphere is often developed， at least in part， through descriptions of setting. Such descriptions help to create an emotional climate for the werrors to establish the reader‘s expectations and attitudes.

　　74. Didactic literature（說教文學）

　　Didactic literature is said to be didactic if it deliberately teaches some moral lesson， the use of literature for such teaching is one of its traditional justifications.2>most modern literary works during the enlightenment period tended to be didactic.

　　75. Epigram（警句）

　　A short， witty， pointed statement often in the form of a poem.