Chapter 6：The Economy 英國經濟

I. The Evolution of the British Economy since the War

The evolution of the British economy since WWII falls into three periods:

二戰后英國經濟發展可分為三個階段：

(1) Steady development in the 50s and 60s: The British economy in this period is characterized by slow but steady growth, low unemployment and great material prosperity with rising standards of consumption.

（1）戰后50-60年代平穩發展時期。其主要特點是經濟緩慢而持續增長，失業率低，物質豐富，人民消費水平不斷增長。

(2) Economic recession in the 70s: In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest growth rate and the highest inflation rate, and the high record of trade deficits.

（2）70年代經濟滯脹。在70年代，英國在所有的發達資本主義國家中，始終保持最低經濟增長率，最高的通貨膨脹率，和最高的貿易赤字紀錄。

(3) Economic recovery in the 80s: An outstanding feature of the economic recovery in the 80s was its length, lasting seven years. Another was the improved financial position of the government, with stronger current account of the balance of payments.

（3）80年代經濟復蘇。一個顯著特點是時間長，復蘇持續了7年。另一個特點是國際收支大大盈余，政府金融地位最高。

Measures taken by Mrs. Thatcher''s government to improve the economy

Mrs. Thatcher''s government took numerous measures to improve the efficiency of the economy during the past decade, using both macroeconomic and microeconomic policies.

撒切爾政府運用宏觀經濟和微觀經濟，采取許多措施提高經濟效益。

(1) Macroeconomic measures were directed