Chapter 18 the Economy 美國經濟

1． The U.S is by far the biggest industrial country in the world.It is first in such advanced field as computers, space, nuclear energy and electronics.到止前為止，美國是世界上最大的工業國，在計算機，宇航，核能和電子等先進領域居世界首位。

2． Now American has more than half of the European market in transistors, oil refining,farm products,telecommunications,and computers.現在美國的晶體管，煉油，農產品，通訊和計算機占歐洲市場分額的一半多。

3． The U.S has less than 6% of the world’s populatinon.Yet it products about 25% of the total world output.美國擁有不到6%世界人口，卻生產出占世界總產量的25%的產品。(2001,23題已考）

4． The U.S has a free-marked economy with a dominant private sector.The privately owned and operated businesses, including farms,produce about 85% of the total output of goods and services. Of course,the government has always been an important element American economy.美國經濟是以私營為主的自由市場經濟。(2002,44)

5． In the postwar years government involvement was again emphasized when the U.S adopted the Keynesian theory in running the economy. But the American economy was still plagued by stagflation. In the early 1980s,under the Reagan Administration, the traditional Keynesian theory was replaced by new monetarist policies.二戰后美國采納了凱恩斯理論來管理國這經濟，再次強調政府于預。但美國經濟還是出現連年的經濟滯脹，于是，在80年代初期，在里根政府的領導下，傳統的凱恩斯理論被新的貨幣主義所代替。

6． The cultivated land in the U.S makes up 21% of the total land, and people who are engaged in farming make up only 2.7% of the total population. Yet the U.S grows nearly one fourth of the world’s grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world. It is the world’s leading exporter of agricultural products.在美國，耕地占國土總面積的21%，而從事農業生產的人口只占總人口的2。7%。然而，美國還生產出占全世界近1/4的糧食。美國是世界上最大的農產口出口