Unit 15

　　Text A How TV Violence Affects Kids

　　搭配：

　　1. Exposure to 暴露于;接觸到e.g. exposure to violence 接觸到暴力

　　2. Have effects on sb./sth. 對某人/某事有影響;affect 為動詞;effect 為名詞

　　3. Point out 指出

　　4. Distinguish sth./sb. from sth./sb. 區別某事或某人

　　5. Tend to do sth. 傾向去做某事

　　6. Make better sense of sth./sb. 更好的理解某人或某事

　　7. Apply sth. to sth. 把什么應用在什么上

　　8. Make sb. guilty 讓某人很內疚

　　9. As an alternative to sth./doing sth. 作為什么的替換

　　語言點：

　　1. Between 1982 and 1986， the amount of television time allocated(過去分詞作后置定語) each week to(把什么分配給某人，尤指時間) violent programs increased significantly.

　　2. Given(考慮到) the amount of time that children watch television， it has become one of the most powerful models they want to follow.

　　3. Recover 恢復(v.); recovery 恢復

　　4. Realistic 現實的(adj.); unrealistic 不現實的(adj.)

　　5. Children naturally often want the toys shown(過去分詞shown做toys的賓語補足語，表是被上演) on and advertised during these programs.

　　6. Imitate 模仿(v.); imitative (adj.)

　　7. Imagine 想象(v.); imaginative (adj.)

　　8. Children simply imitate the behavior observed during the program， thus undermining (現在分詞做結果狀語， 表示破壞)both the imaginative and the expressive functions of play.

　　9. Appear to be +形容詞;e.g. appear to be crazy 好像瘋了一樣

　　10. It would be a good idea to control his viewing.(動名詞觀看電視作賓語)

　　11. Controlling viewing(動名詞作主語) is easier to do during the preschool years than during the school years， so you should initiate a pattern of restricted television watching now.

　　12. Help your child to interpret what she sees-to think of explanations for the events depicted(過分作后置定語，表示被描述的)and to imagine how the show is put together.

　　13. Violent 暴力的;nonviolent 非暴力的

　　Text B Why Don't Girls Think Like Boys?

　　搭配：

　　1. Be better at sth./doing sth. 擅長做某事

　　2. According to 根據

　　3. On the average 平均地

　　4. Show ability in sth./doing sth. 有做某事的能力

　　5. Be determined by sb./sth. 有什么(人)決定

　　6. Have an advantage 有什么優勢

　　7. Keep close to sb. 與某人親密

　　8. Insist upon doing sth. 堅持做某事

　　語言點：

　　1. 時態題：In recent studies， young babies have been observed and tested to discover how different abilities are developed.

　　2. Thinking ability 思維能力

　　3. The baby， while seated(不能用seating) on its mother's lap， watches a “show” on a small theater stage.

　　4. Girls immediately become excited(用ed是因為這是人內心的情感，如果給別人造成某種影響應該用ing的形式) and begin to make noises that sound like language.

　　5. Seem后面只能用to do 的形式

　　6. But what have the boys been doing(現在完成進行時，表示動作持續) in the years before starting school?

　　7. It has long been assumed that +從句(長期以來，人們認為)

　　8. Require doing sth. 要求做某事

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